The Hidden Connection: How Stress Affects Breastfeeding and Postpartum Recovery

The Regal Quill
Aug 19
2 min read

Introduction

Postpartum recovery is a vulnerable period when new parents navigate physical healing, emotional adjustments, and the demands of caring for a newborn. While much attention is given to feeding techniques and maternal nutrition, one critical factor often overlooked is stress and its profound impact on both breastfeeding and postpartum recovery.

Stress and Breastfeeding

Stress triggers the release of cortisol and adrenaline, hormones that can interfere with oxytocin, the hormone responsible for the let-down reflex in breastfeeding. Without adequate oxytocin release, milk ejection becomes more difficult, leaving parents feeling as though they aren’t producing enough milk even when their supply is sufficient (Ueda et al., 1994).

Studies also show that high stress can lead to early cessation of breastfeeding, which may have long-term effects on infant health and bonding (Dozier, Brownell, & Howard, 2012).

Stress and Postpartum Recovery

Stress does not only affect breastfeeding, it also slows postpartum recovery. Elevated stress levels can weaken the immune system, prolong physical healing, and increase the risk of postpartum mood disorders, such as anxiety and depression (Yim et al., 2015).

For Black mothers, systemic stressors such as racism, lack of access to equitable healthcare, and financial insecurity compound these risks, leading to disparities in maternal and infant outcomes (Taylor et al., 2019).

Practical Stress-Reducing Strategies

The good news is that doulas, lactation educators, and healthcare providers can play a vital role in helping families manage stress during this critical period. Strategies include:

Mindful breathing and relaxation techniques during feeding sessions
Supportive touch and massage to encourage oxytocin release
Partner and family education to share caregiving responsibilities
Connection to community resources, including support groups and mental health professionals

Conclusion

Stress is not just an emotional experience, it is a physiological event that can directly impact breastfeeding success and postpartum healing. By acknowledging and addressing stress, birth professionals and families alike can foster healthier outcomes for both parent and baby.

References

Dozier, A. M., Brownell, E. A., & Howard, C. R. (2012). The relationship between maternal perceptions of stress and breastfeeding outcomes. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 16(6), 1369–1377. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-011-0872-3
Taylor, J., Novoa, C., Hamm, K., & Phadke, S. (2019). Eliminating racial disparities in maternal and infant mortality: A comprehensive policy blueprint. Center for American Progress.
Ueda, T., Yokoyama, Y., Irahara, M., & Aono, T. (1994). Influence of psychological stress on suckling-induced pulsatile oxytocin release. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 84(2), 259–262.
Yim, I. S., Tanner Stapleton, L. R., Guardino, C. M., Hahn-Holbrook, J., & Dunkel Schetter, C. (2015). Biological and psychosocial predictors of postpartum depression: Systematic review and call for integration. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 11, 99–137. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-101414-020426

Disclaimer

The information provided in this blog is intended for educational and informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Doulas are not medical professionals and do not provide clinical care. Always consult your healthcare provider before making changes to your wellness or prenatal routine.

From my cradle to yours,

The Regal Quill